What is a business term / Konglomarit?Explain the meaning, merit and demerits, and examples of words

A Konglomarit that develops a variety of businesses.I will explain its meaning, merit and demerits, and actual examples.

In order to make business development in companies, the form called Konglomarit is often used to make the competition and differentiation further.Congromarit is a notable management form, and can be expected to be a stronger company by collecting dynamic businesses.

This time, I will explain in detail about Konglomarit.

* In the "Founding Handbook" that writes this article, more fulfilling information is also explained in the thick "Founding Handbook / Printing Version".You can get it for free, so please order it.

Contents of this article

Advantages and disadvantages of conducting conglomarit

デメリット2つ

What is the notable Konglomarit M & A?

コングロマリット型M&Aのデメリット2つ

コングロマリット型M&Aをうまく運ぶために

Examples of Konglomarit in Japan

summary

About Konglomarit

First, I will explain what the word Konglomarit means.

コングロマリットとは、異なる業種の企業が提携、もしくは子会社化することで幅広い業種を手掛ける経営形態を指します。これは、双方の企業のノウハウや強みを生かして強い企業に成長することを目的としたものです。統合される業種には一見つながりのないものから、近似値的な性質を持つものまで実に多様です。

Konglomarit comes from English and is a word that has the meaning of a collection.From here, it is used as a combination of multiple different industries in combination and management.

Originally, measures for diversifying business were also carried out by companies, but in the past, it was a form of following a wide range of businesses, and a form of digging into the business with one point concentration.However, Konglomarit is recognized as a composite of their characteristics.

-The horizontal type, which expands the business in a wide area, is called a horizontal type, and the business is in common with the business that the company is originally conducted, and the business is expanded horizontally.For example, a company that makes stationery is to manufacture miscellaneous goods, and a telecommunications company also conducts video distribution businesses.

This can make use of the characteristics of multiple companies in both sides, realizing multifaceted management.

-The vertical vertical type pursues the nature of the relatively close business, and is expected to gain a market share by combining businesses that have more common points than the horizontal type.。As an example, this is the one -stop, a car manufacturer, and a writing utensil manufacturer handling art materials.

In a broad sense, we aim to further enhance the business with similar properties and make a difference from the competition.

・ Centralized intensive type is a business that creates products with similar manufacturing processes and mechanisms, and is a form that concentrates on the field and creates new needs.Precision equipment manufacturers can enter smartphone manufacturing, and use photography techniques for image shooting of medical devices.

This form is that each company can gather the technology of each company and provide even higher quality products.

-In the three forms of the Konglomarit type or higher, companies with relatively common points are combined to make use of their own know -how, but the Konglomarit type is almost different in different industries.

The Internet operators are included in the financial industry, and the comprehensive retail business starts the food and beverage business.The former is the idea of making a mechanism to complete all procedures in the financial industry on the Internet, and in the latter case, using the retail know -how to lead to appeal in the food and beverage industry.

This management form is a horizontal type that expands its business over a wide area, and a vertical and centralized hybrid that pursues know -how.

In order to perform Konglomarit -type management, both companies will work out mainly in the following ways.

In other words, an existing company has a capital, or a company with a large capital holds the management rights of the other company, or the form is adopted.

Advantages and disadvantages of conducting conglomarit

In the case of using a Konglomarit type to expand the business, there are also disadvantages and disadvantages at the same time.In the following, we will introduce each of the advantages and disadvantages.

The synergy effect is that both companies use their strengths to create a synergistic effect.In the Konglomarit -type business form, this synergistic effect is expected to make the most of it.This will not only add new value to existing products and services, but will also add new know -how in business in the first place and increase the strength as a business.

In addition, sharing the know -how of different industries will lead to the acquisition of customers who have not obtained so far, and by placing excellent human resources in each industry, further growth of both companies can be expected.

As mentioned above, the improvement of the value of a company with the synergy effect in the conglomatic effect is called the Konglomarit Premium.

With the introduction of new products and services, the addition of unprecedented value, and the acquisition of excellent human resources, sales will increase, business performance will increase, and the value of the company itself will increase.

If you are developing different businesses, even if you are in the red, even if you are in the red, if you are in the red, the damage to the entire company will be minimized if the other achievements are increasing.In other words, doing different businesses can be a risk hedging to prevent management from lean.

Especially in businesses where the market changes rapidly, it is possible that customer needs change and business strategies cannot keep up.In such a case, the other business can stop the crisis.

In Konglomarit -type management forms, each company has different management know -how.If the business situation fluctuates, it is possible to respond quickly by putting each know -how.

This merit is to re -establish and make a new management strategy and make a quick decision, leading to solving issues as soon as possible.As a result, it is easier to avoid the risk of missing sales.

In the unlikely event that the Konglomarit -type business form does not get on the track, there is a risk that both businesses will fall together.Conglomarit is assumed to have a synergy effect, but if the gears go crazy, they will not be able to share their profits and take the opportunity to acquire customers.If the business value in the market decreases, the customers will naturally leave.

As mentioned above, the fact that both companies can not create a synergistic effect, misses profits and customer acquisition opportunities, and lower their corporate value is called Konglomarit discount.It is expected that this phenomenon occurs will reduce the evaluation of shareholders and investors to companies, and it will be difficult to raise funds.

Of course, this does not always happen, but keep it in mind as a risk.

In the Konglomarit -type management form, it is difficult to collaborate between companies and businesses between companies and businesses because multiple different industries are combined.In particular, it is possible that it will be difficult to communicate not only between management but also between employees, especially if the company becomes large due to absorption or acquisition.

As a result, the disadvantage is that the management strategies that have obtained both agreements are difficult to make and make delays in making decisions.

What is the notable Konglomarit M & A?

経営形態の多角化を複合的に行うコングロマリットの仕組みを利用した、M&Aが注目されています。

M&Aとは、企業の吸収合併・新設合併や買収を総括した言葉です。吸収合併は、企業Aが企業Bを取込んで企業Aとしてひとつの会社になること、新設合併は、企業Aと企業Bが合併して企業Cを起ち上げることです。

一方、買収は企業A企業Bの資本を買取り、経営権を得ることを指します。M&Aの語源は、英語の「Mergers」=合併、「Acquisitions」=買収が組み合わさったもので、それぞれの頭文字を取って用いられています。

コングロマリット型経営形態は、従来の多角化経営の複合型ですが、コングロマリット型M&Aも、新たなM&Aの手法として注目されています。特に、近年の傾向として、M&Aは大企業が中小企業の優れた技術力を自社に取り込むために行うことが多いです。

コングロマリット型M&Aは、大企業側では異業種の技術力で強みを持ち、中小企業側ではその技術を次世代に引き継ぐことを可能にします。

コングロマリット型M&Aでは、合併・買収した企業側が参入したいと考えていた異業種について、その業種の企業を取込むことで、目的の業種にスムーズに参入することができます。

In addition, the company that has been incorporated has the know -how and equipment suitable for the target industries, so that new human resources can be newly developed.

The skills, know -how, and facilities and human resources of the company taken in the acquisition, etc. are all valuable cultivated in that type.If you can make good use of these in the business of the company you imported, you can expect to strengthen the quality of existing businesses and expand sales channels.

As a result, we can aim not only in different industries, but also to further growth and expansion of existing businesses.

コングロマリット型Ｍ&Aでも、双方の企業間や事業間におけるコミュニケーション不足が起きやすいです。これにより、せっかく統合した企業内での統率が取れなくなり、コーポレートガバナンス（企業統治）がうまく機能しなくなります。

In a society where prompt response is required in management policies and decision -making, the decision is delayed and the opportunity of sales will be missed.(Anaj effect)

異業種の企業同士が1つの会社となるコングロマリット型Ｍ&Aでは、意思疎通の難しさだけではなく、社風の違いや待遇の差に戸惑うケースも出てきます。取込んだ側の企業が持つ社風や待遇などが従業員に合わない時には、せっかくの優秀な人材が社外に流出する恐れがあります。

コングロマリット型M&Aをうまく進めるために必要なことは、M&Aの知識に長けた第三者を仲介することです。M&A全般にいえることとして、合併・買収する企業について、財務や法的なリスクを把握すること（デューデリジェンス）や、経営・業務・意識の統合を図ること（PMI）の実施は重要です。

これらの知識は、経営者だけで得られるものではないため、自身だけで進めるのではなく、専門家に相談し指示を仰ぐのが得策です。リスクの少ないM&Aが実現するほか、経営者の手を煩わせることもありません。

ただし、M&Aは企業の命運を左右するものであるため、専門のコンサルタントなどを選ぶときは、その実績や手腕についてよく調べ、じっくり吟味することが大切です。可能であれば、個人のコンサルタントよりも法人のコンサルティング企業に依頼し、多方面からのアドバイスを受けることをおすすめします。

Examples of Konglomarit in Japan

Many major Japanese companies use Konglomarit -type management forms to expand their businesses.Here are some of the successful cases.

A major home appliance manufacturer has expanded its business from the manufacturing and sales of conventional AV equipment, and is working on the game industry and network business.In addition to such entertainment businesses, it has embarked on semiconductor manufacturing, and its management form is a typical Conglomarit type.In recent years, the expansion of each industry has been highly performed, and has been supporting the original AV equipment business.

Originally, major car manufacturers were mainly selling cars, and subcontractors were conducted by subcontractors for design, car manufacturing, and various parts manufacturing.However, by incorporating these subcontractors and unification of business, we have succeeded in performing one -stop from highly accurate automobile design to sales.

In addition, the company has been launching a car manufacturer, which was in the same industry, into a subsidiary, and has been launching measures to entrust the expansion of the emerging market.

One company that has expanded its business in various electrical equipment manufacturing has built an IoT (Internet) platform using its technology, and unifies various businesses.For example, by making products using digital technology such as information and control, we have built a solution to increase the value of electrical equipment and solve all problems with digital.

In addition, we are working on many services in cooperation with big data using our own data collection system technology.

Companies that have developed video content distribution as their main business have newly provided game content, VR technology, and video media, and have expanded their share in the entertainment industry.In addition to that, he is expanding his hands in the financial industry such as investment and cryptocurrency, and is also involved in educational projects for those who work or change jobs.

This is an example of the company that has expanded its share in the logistics industry and has succeeded in each business with different genres.

Companies that are engaged in the Internet shopping platform business are remarkable in the financial industry, such as banks, securities, and electronic money.In addition, in the retail business on the Internet, which is the main business, we have gained a wide range of customers by incorporating department stores and flea market app services one after another.

In addition, many industries, such as the travel industry and the sports media industry, have surprisingly surprised the industry, especially in the famous baseball teams and soccer teams.

summary

Conglomarit is expected to be greatly expected to further develop Japanese companies in the future, which does not matter the size of the company.There are advantages and disadvantages to developing a wide range of businesses with a multifaceted perspective, but Konglomarit is a form that can be expected to grow dramatically if successful.

Why don't you refer to the actual successful cases and refer to future business development?

創業手帳の冊子版では、コングロマリットの詳細やM&Aの知識やコツなどについて、詳しく解説しています。これから事業拡大を考えている方は、ぜひお役立てください。関連記事「経営の多角化」に乗り出す前に経営者が抑えておきたい基礎世界のスポーツ事例から学ぶ！ビジネスに活用できる科学的コーチングと理論的組織づくり【若林氏連載その１】

(Edit: Founding Handbook Editorial Department)

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